Information for Healthcare Providers

This section of the website has tools and information about hemophilia for health care providers, including free educational materials to give to patients.

One of the major challenges facing researchers and scientists who work on rare disorders, such as hemophilia, is a lack of access to uniform health data. To address this issue and advance knowledge, CDC supported and coordinated a national public health monitoring project, the Universal Data Collection (UDC) system from 1998-2011. 

UDC was conducted through a national network of specialized hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs). Through UDC a consistent set of health-monitoring data was collected from people with hemophilia and other bleeding disorders at hemophilia treatment centers. 

Community Counts aims to build and improve upon the UDC system, and collects information about common health issues, medical complications, and causes of death among people with bleeding disorders receiving care at HTCs. 

To successfully carry out the Community Counts program, the Division of Blood Disorders has partnered with the American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network and the United States Hemophilia Treatment Center Network.

View and print national and regional data on patients enrolled in the UDC program.

CDC supports a network of HTCs to provide comprehensive health management and prevention services. The centers use multi-disciplinary teams of health care specialists, state-of-the art clinical research programs, and outreach and education programs.

Use the directory to search for the names and contact information of HTCs and staff, create lists, print mailing labels, and send emails. Healthcare providers might use this directory to find and consult with other experts in the field.

CDC is conducting the largest survey to date of people with hemophilia in the United States to identify the mutation ―or change in the gene that causes their hemophilia. During this study, CDC has also gathered a list of all of the mutations reported to cause hemophilia worldwide. More than 2,000 mutations have been reported for hemophilia A. The CHAMP project will store this and other lists in databases that will be available for researchers and health care providers to keep them informed on mutations that have been identified and how each mutation has affected the people reported to have it.

Learn how to accurately measure and collect joint range of motion for the Universal Data Collection (UDC) program. This video is intended for physical therapists or other health care providers at hemophilia treatment centers to use when they are collecting range of motion measurements.

The National Hemophilia Foundation formed a medical advisory council to advance clinical care and promote hemophilia research. This body establishes quality of care guidelines for the treatment of hemophilia and other bleeding disorders.

HANDI (Hemophilia and AIDS/HIV Network for the Dissemination of Information) is a specialized health-based library and helpline service providing information and referrals about bleeding and clotting disorders. In addition to information on the unique medical issues faced by people with hemophilia and AIDS/HIV, HANDI addresses secondary conditions such as hepatitis C and joint disease as well as rare factor deficiencies and thrombophilia. CDC supports and funds HANDI through the National Hemophilia Foundation.

Hemophilia Emergency Care provides guidelines and recommendations for medical personnel initiating treatment in the emergency department.

Find data and statistics related to hemophilia.

Find a summary of CDC research on hemophilia.

Read CDC’s latest scientific articles on hemophilia.

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Health Concerns: Cancer

Workplace exposures to hazardous substances may play a role in the development of some types of cancer. NIOSH is studying several hazardous substances to determine whether there is a link to cancers that affect women.

Related Resources

  The study examined the deaths of 4,116 seafood workers, most of whom worked in seafood processing plants. More than half (53%) of those who died were women. The study group had more deaths from stomach cancer and disorders of the thyroid gland compared to the general US population, but fewer deaths from breast cancer, stroke, and heart disease due to reduced blood supply.

The study found no evidence of increased breast cancer or melanoma among female flight attendants.

Among more than 5,000 US women older than 25 with complete data, earlier age at menopause was found among all smokers and among service and manufacturing industry sector workers. (Earlier age at the start of menopause has been associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality risks.) Women (particularly black women) age 25 to 50 had an increased risk of earlier age at menopause with both primary smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure.

This study examined exposures to pesticides among women in rural areas of Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin. This is the first case-control study of glioma among rural residents that looked at the effect of pesticide exposure and work practices in women. Gliomas are a type of cancer in the brain or spine. No evidence for association of pesticide use and glioma risk was found.

This study examined the effects of Ethylene oxide (EtO) (a cancer-causing agent) on chromosome (DNA) damage in workers who operate an EtO sterilizer in hospitals. EtO is commonly used to make other products and for sterilization. The study found some individuals who have had a gene deleted (GSTT1 gene) may be more susceptible to DNA damage from EtO.

This study looked at workers from three garment plants who worked with formaldehyde. The study found there may be a link between formaldehyde exposure and death from certain types of cancer.

This study looked at a population of dry-cleaning workers who were exposed to perchloroethylene (PCE) to see if there was a higher rate of death caused by cancer. Researchers found a possible link between formaldehyde exposure and dying of myeloid leukemia.

This is an update to a previous study that looked at the possible link between cancer deaths and exposure to toluene in workers from two shoe manufacturing facilities. Results indicated a possible link between lung cancer death and repeated exposure to low levels of organic solvents.

The study involving women working in capacitor manufacturing facilities found no overall elevation in breast cancer risk following occupational exposure to PCBs. However, higher risk was observed among non-white workers.

The study of mortality data for more than 4 million women who died between 1984 and 1988 found that, with adjustments made for smoking, significant excess proportionate lung cancer death was found among US women working in the US manufacturing, transportation, retail trade, nursing/personal care, and agriculture, forestry and fishing industries.

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Women's Safety and Health Issues at Work

America's work force has changed in the last 50 years. Though men still outnumber women in the workforce, the percent of women working has steadily increased from 34% in 1950s to 60% today. The percent of men working has been decreasing during this time, from 84% in the 50s to only 73% working today. ¹

Women are now marrying later in life, staying in school longer, delaying childbirth, and having fewer children than in previous years. ² More women are choosing to continue working while also balancing the traditional parenting responsibilities. ¹

Work-related health challenges facing women

Women face different workplace health challenges than men. This is partly because men and women tend to have different kinds of jobs. ³ Women generally have more work-related cases of carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, respiratory diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, and anxiety and stress disorders. ⁴ Social, economic, and cultural factors also put women at risk for injury and illness. For example, women are more likely than men to do contingent work part-time, temporary, or contract work. Compared to workers in traditional job arrangements, contingent workers have lower incomes and fewer benefits. Like all workers in insecure jobs, women may fear that bringing up a safety issue could result in job loss or more difficult work situations. They may also be less likely to report a work-related injury.

Within America's workforce, immigrant women are a particularly at-risk group. They face barriers related to their immigrant status as well as issues in balancing work, home, and family. Compared to native-born women, immigrant women work in industries and jobs with much higher injury rates. ⁵

Sexist treatment and gender discrimination in the workplace can affect a woman's physical and mental health. Sexual harassment can lead to

• anxiety
• depression
• lower self-esteem
• alienation
• insomnia
• nausea
• headaches

Balancing work and family tasks can put additional stress on women, who in many families still take primary responsibility for childcare and eldercare. When family and work demands collide, the resulting stress can lead to physical health problems such as poor appetite, lack of sleep, increase in blood pressure, fatigue, and increased susceptibility to infection. It can also result in mental health problems such as burnout and depression.

Learn more about these issues and others facing women workers:

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What Should You Know About Blood Disorders in Women?

While bleeding and clotting disorders affect men and women, these conditions pose unique problems for women because of the impact the disorders can have on their reproductive health and quality of life. Current data estimate that as many as 1% of women in the United States may have a bleeding disorder and many are unaware of their condition

The most common bleeding disorder affecting women is von Willebrand disease (VWD), which results from a deficiency or defect in the body’s ability to produce a certain protein that helps blood clot. Although VWD occurs in men and women equally, women are more likely to notice the symptoms because of heavy or abnormal bleeding during their menstrual periods and after childbirth. VWD and other blood disorders may also cause women to experience recurrent fetal loss, heavy bleeding during dental procedures, frequent nosebleeds, and heavy bleeding during or after surgery.

Women with heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) or VWD are at increased risk for anemia, pain during menstruation, hospitalizations, blood transfusions, limitations in daily activities, time lost from work or school, and a reduced quality of life.

In addition to VWD, other rare bleeding disorders and more common platelet function disorders may also be responsible for bleeding symptoms in women.

Although there are no cures for bleeding disorders, treatment is available to control symptoms and help women avoid complications and invasive procedures

.

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Women's Health

Women have unique health issues. And some of the health issues that affect both men and women can affect women differently.

Unique issues include pregnancy, menopause, and conditions of the female organs. Women can have a healthy pregnancy by getting early and regular prenatal care. They should also get recommended breast cancer, cervical cancer, and bone density screenings.

Women and men also have many of the same health problems. But these problems can affect women differently. For example,

• Women are more likely to die following a heart attack than men
• Women are more likely to show signs of depression and anxiety than men
• The effects of sexually transmitted diseases can be more serious in women
• Osteoarthritis affects more women than men
• Women are more likely to have urinary tract problems

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Kickstart your career in Fashion Design

Launching a career as a Fashion Designer takes equal parts dedication, real-world experience, and the guiding hand of talented industry professionals. Learn hands-on, technical skills such as fashion sketching, creative design, draping, and pattern drafting, along with the theoretical skills necessary to succeed in this incredibly creative and exciting field

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Fitness basics

Fitness basics

Starting a fitness program may be one of the best things you can do for your health. After all, physical activity can reduce your risk of chronic disease, improve your balance and coordination, help you lose weight, and even boost your self-esteem. And the benefits are yours for the taking, regardless of age, sex or physical ability.

The Department of Health and Human Services recommends that healthy adults include aerobic exercise and strength training in their fitness plans, specifically:

• At least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity a week
• Strength training exercises at least twice a week

Regular exercise can help you control your weight, reduce your risk of heart disease, and strengthen your bones and muscles. But if you haven't exercised for some time and you have health concerns, you may want to talk to your doctor before starting a new fitness routine.

When you're designing your personal fitness program, consider your fitness goals. Think about your fitness likes and dislikes, and note your personal barriers to fitness. Then consider practical strategies for keeping your fitness program on track.

Starting a fitness program is an important decision, but it doesn't have to be an overwhelming one. By planning carefully and pacing yourself, you can make fitness a healthy habit that lasts a lifetime.

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